The Republic of Dagestan (older spelling Daghestan) is a republic of the Russian Federation, and is the southernmost part of Russia. Situated on the eastern end of the North Caucasus Mountains along the western shore of the Caspian Sea, it is the largest republic of Russia in the North Caucasus, both in area and population. The word Dagestan means "land of mountains," it is derived from the Turkic word dağ meaning mountain and Persian suffix stan, meaning "land of." Why Dagestan remains a restive republic in Russia Armed assailants attacked a synagogue and a church in Russia’s Dagestan on Sunday. Here is a brief history of the region, and its socio-political makeup. Dagestan (/ ˌdæɡɪˈstæn, - ˈstɑːn / DAG-i-STA (H)N; Russian: Дагестан; IPA: [dəɡʲɪˈstan]), officially the Republic of Dagestan , [a] is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Federal District. What is Dagestan ? Although the name Dagestan or the word 'Republic of Dagestan ' tempts us into declaring it a country, Dagestan is a province of Russia, within the Russian Federation. It does not matter that the official name is 'Republic of Dagestan '. The province is the southernmost tip of the largest country in the world. Where exactly is ...