The phrase "to include" means to only use, review, or execute the list (or series of things) that come immediately after said phrase. If you use " including " in the sentence, this would imply using, reviewing, and/or executing the item (or list of items) that came before and after the " including " insert. I know that include is a verb while including is a preposition but they made me confuse when it comes to their usage. I usually confuse when to use include with including . Most Thais like sp... When using the phrase " including but not limited to", how should it be punctuated? When used in the following (no punctuation): There are many activities including but not limited to run... 理论方向生存空间压缩，国产顶刊成内卷新战场。 国产期刊跃升，投稿性价比提升如 SCPMA （《Science China-Physics Mechanics & Astronomy》）期刊小类学科从2区升至1区。量子计算（如 PRX Quantum）、AI交叉领域期刊分区明显上调，成“新宠”。 附中科院2025物理与天体物理分区列表部分截图：
