Various chemotherapy treatments can target different cancers, and often multiple chemotherapy drugs are given together, which is called combination chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is one of the most common cancer treatment options. Learn what it is, how chemo works, how it differs from radiation therapy and more. Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Learn how chemotherapy works against cancer, why it causes side effects, and how it is used with other cancer treatments. Chemotherapy is a treatment used to attack rapidly-growing cancer cells. Learn why it is used, what to expect, and how to cope with the side effects.