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Learn ionization enthalpy and valency with easy explanations, periodic trends, tables, and examples—boost your chemistry exam prep with clear, student-focused guides. The first ionization enthalpy of elements decreases as we move down in a group. While moving down in a group, the atomic number increases and the number of shells also increases. Outermost electrons are far away from the nucleus and thus can be removed easily. The second factor that decreases the ionization energy is the shielding effect due to an increasing number of shells as we move down a group. Ionization energy is positive for neutral atoms, meaning that the ionization is an endothermic process. Roughly speaking, the closer the outermost electrons are to the nucleus of the atom, the higher the atom's ionization energy. In physics, ionization energy (IE) is usually expressed in electronvolts (eV) or joules (J). The Ionization Enthalpy In this article, we are going to learn about ionization enthalpy . While moving from left to right in a period, the atomic radius decreases, period in the periodic table, ionization energy generally increases, the shielding effect also increases down the group with the increasing number and many more.
